Publication Ethics
The Proceedings of Science and Nature Research (PSNR) is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against any publication malpractice. PSNR follows the guidance and best-practice standards of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and editorial decisions relating to ethical concerns are made in accordance with COPE's flowcharts and guidelines.
Authorship
PSNR follows the authorship criteria set out by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). To qualify as an author, an individual should meet all four of the following criteria:
- Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data;
- Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
- Final approval of the version to be published; and
- Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet all four criteria (for example, those who provided technical support, general supervision, or acquired funding alone) should be listed in the Acknowledgements section, not as authors. Any change to the author list after submission (addition, removal, or reordering) must be approved in writing by all authors and explained to the editor.
Editorial Responsibilities
Editors evaluate manuscripts solely on their intellectual and scientific merit, without regard to the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy. Editors and editorial staff will not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, and the publisher, as appropriate.
Reviewer Responsibilities
Reviewers must treat manuscripts as confidential documents and must not use unpublished information or ideas obtained through peer review for their own advantage. Reviewers should decline to review manuscripts where they have a conflict of interest and should alert the editor to any substantial similarity between the manuscript and any other published or submitted work of which they are aware.
Research Involving Human Participants, Animals, or Protected Species
Studies involving human participants, human data or tissue, live animals, or the collection of protected, threatened, or endangered species must comply with relevant institutional, national, and international ethical guidelines and legislation. Authors must confirm that appropriate approval was obtained from a properly constituted ethics committee or relevant permitting authority, and must state the name of the approving body and the approval/permit reference number in the manuscript. Where applicable, PSNR also expects compliance with the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing for research involving genetic resources.
Handling of Misconduct Allegations
Allegations of research or publication misconduct (including but not limited to fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, redundant publication, or undisclosed conflicts of interest) will be investigated in line with COPE guidelines. This may involve contacting the authors' institution(s) and, where appropriate, may result in correction, retraction, or other editorial action as described in the journal's Corrections & Retractions policy.
Use of Generative AI
For the journal's requirements on the use of generative AI tools in manuscript preparation and peer review, see the Generative AI Policy.
